The strategic-management process represents a(n) ________, ________, and ________ approach for determining an enterprise's future direction.

The strategic-management process represents a(n) ________, ________, and ________ approach for determining an enterprise's future direction. A) logical;...

Organizations should take a(n) ________ approach in their industry.

Organizations should take a(n) ________ approach in their industry. A) adversarial rather than a collegial B) collegial rather than an adversarial C)...

The strategic-management process is becoming more widely used by

The strategic-management process is becoming more widely used by A) small firms. B) nonprofit institutions. C) governmental organizations. D) multinational...

Both business and military organizations must ________ and ________ to be successful.

Both business and military organizations must ________ and ________ to be successful. A) be impervious to change; continually improve B) adapt to...

Military strategy is based on an assumption of ________, whereas business strategy is based on an assumption of ________.

Military strategy is based on an assumption of ________, whereas business strategy is based on an assumption of ________. A) conflict; cooperation B)...

A strong ________ heritage underlies the study of strategic management.

A strong ________ heritage underlies the study of strategic management. A) military B) government C) political D) social E) cultural Answer: A)...

Superior strategy formulation and implementation ________ an opponent's superiority in numbers and resources.

Superior strategy formulation and implementation ________ an opponent's superiority in numbers and resources. A) are irrelevant to B) are not enough...

Business or military success is

Business or military success is A) generally the happy result of accidental strategies. B) undermined by the element of surprise. C) the product of...

According to Webster's New World Dictionary, ________ is "the science of planning and directing large-scale military operations, of maneuvering forces into the most advantageous position prior to actual engagement with the enemy."

According to Webster's New World Dictionary, ________ is "the science of planning and directing large-scale military operations, of maneuvering forces...

Terms such as objectives, mission, strengths, and weaknesses were first formulated to address problems

Terms such as objectives, mission, strengths, and weaknesses were first formulated to address problems A) on the battlefield. B) in the boardroom. C)...

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Which of the following statements is FALSE? A) No organization can pursue all the strategies that potentially could benefit the firm. B) Most organizations...

What is NOT a guideline given for effective strategic planning?

What is NOT a guideline given for effective strategic planning? A) Continually strengthen the "good ethics is good business" policy. B) It should...

All of the following are guidelines for effective strategic planning EXCEPT

All of the following are guidelines for effective strategic planning EXCEPT A) it should be simple and nonroutine. B) it should be a learning process...

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Which of the following statements is NOT true? A) Open-mindedness is an important guideline for effective strategic management. B) Strategic management...

Which of the following is NOT a pitfall an organization should avoid in strategic planning?

Which of the following is NOT a pitfall an organization should avoid in strategic planning? A) Failing to communicate the plan to employees B) Involving...

All of these are pitfalls an organization should avoid in strategic planning EXCEPT

All of these are pitfalls an organization should avoid in strategic planning EXCEPT A) using plans as a standard for measuring performance. B) using...

Which of the following is NOT a reason given for poor or no strategic planning in an organization?

Which of the following is NOT a reason given for poor or no strategic planning in an organization? A) Planning is viewed as a waste of time B) Content...

According to Greenley, strategic management offers all of the following benefits EXCEPT

According to Greenley, strategic management offers all of the following benefits EXCEPT A) increased discipline. B) enhanced communication. C) increased...

According to research, organizations using strategic management are ________ than those that do not.

According to research, organizations using strategic management are ________ than those that do not. A) more profitable B) more complex C) less profitable D)...

Annually, ________ businesses in the U.S. fail.

Annually, ________ businesses in the U.S. fail. A) exactly 100 B) less than 1,000 C) about 10,000 D) more than 100,000 E) almost 10 million Answer: D)...

How do line managers become "owners" of the strategy?

How do line managers become "owners" of the strategy? A) By attending top manager meetings B) By executing plans formulated by other people C) By...

The act of strengthening employees' sense of effectiveness by encouraging and rewarding them for participating in decision-making and exercising initiative and imagination is referred to as

The act of strengthening employees' sense of effectiveness by encouraging and rewarding them for participating in decision-making and exercising initiative...

Strategic management enables an organization to ________, instead of just responding to threats in its business environment.

Strategic management enables an organization to ________, instead of just responding to threats in its business environment. A) be proactive B) be...

Which of the following is part of the strategic management model?

Which of the following is part of the strategic management model? A) Measure and evaluate performance B) Develop mission and vision statements C)...

The strategic-management process

The strategic-management process A) occurs once a year. B) is a semiannual process. C) is a continuous process. D) applies mostly to companies with...

What are guides to decision making called?

What are guides to decision making called? A) Strategies B) Rules C) Policies D) Objectives E) Goals Answer: C) Policie...

In which phase of strategic management are long-term objectives especially important?

In which phase of strategic management are long-term objectives especially important? A) Formulation B) Control C) Evaluation D) Implementation E)...

Annual objectives are especially important in strategy

Annual objectives are especially important in strategy A) reduction. B) formulation. C) implementation. D) evaluation. E) policy. Answer: C)...

Long-term objectives should be all of the following EXCEPT

Long-term objectives should be all of the following EXCEPT A) measurable. B) continually changing. C) reasonable. D) challenging. E) consistent. Answer: B)...

What are the means by which long-term objectives will be achieved?

What are the means by which long-term objectives will be achieved? A) Strategies B) Strengths C) Weaknesses D) Policies E) Opportunities Answer: A)...

Internal ________ are controllable activities in an organization that are performed especially well.

Internal ________ are controllable activities in an organization that are performed especially well. A) opportunities B) incompetencies C) strengths D)...

Specific results an organization seeks to achieve in pursuing its basic mission are

Specific results an organization seeks to achieve in pursuing its basic mission are A) strategies. B) rules. C) objectives. D) policies. E) tenets. Answer: C)...

Generally, external opportunities and threats are

Generally, external opportunities and threats are A) uncontrollable by a single organization. B) unable to have a significant impact on an organization. C)...

An organization's vision statement

An organization's vision statement A) is a constant reminder to its employees of why the organization exists. B) broadly charts the future direction...

What are enduring declarations of purpose that distinguish one business from other similar firms?

What are enduring declarations of purpose that distinguish one business from other similar firms? A) Policies B) Mission statements C) Objectives D)...

Which is generally considered to be the first step in strategic planning?

Which is generally considered to be the first step in strategic planning? A) Developing a vision statement B) Establishing goals and objectives C)...

Which individuals are most responsible for the success and failure of an organization?

Which individuals are most responsible for the success and failure of an organization? A) Strategists B) Financial planners C) Personnel directors D)...

The one factor that has most significantly impacted the nature and core of buying and selling in nearly all industries has been

The one factor that has most significantly impacted the nature and core of buying and selling in nearly all industries has been A) the Internet. B)...

There is a dramatic shift in mass retailing to

There is a dramatic shift in mass retailing to A) "trading up" and taking customers from more exclusive stores. B) selling only the most expensive...

The Internet has transferred power from ________ to ________.

The Internet has transferred power from ________ to ________. A) businesses, individuals B) governments, businesses C) individuals, businesses D)...

________ allows firms to sell products, advertise, purchase supplies, bypass intermediaries, track inventory, and eliminate paperwork.

________ allows firms to sell products, advertise, purchase supplies, bypass intermediaries, track inventory, and eliminate paperwork. A) Social networking B)...

The fact that Apple has no manufacturing facilities of its own

The fact that Apple has no manufacturing facilities of its own A) has caused it to build up massive debt on its balance sheet. B) has enabled it to...

In mass retailing, big-box companies like Walmart, Best Buy, and Sears are

In mass retailing, big-box companies like Walmart, Best Buy, and Sears are A) gaining competitive advantage over smaller stores. B) participating...

Anything that a firm does especially well compared to rival firms is referred to as

Anything that a firm does especially well compared to rival firms is referred to as A) competitive advantage. B) comparative disadvantage. C) opportunity...

In recent years, the speedy flow of information through technology has

In recent years, the speedy flow of information through technology has A) made it harder for people worldwide to see how others work and live. B)...

Which statement best describes intuition?

Which statement best describes intuition? A) It alone should be used in decision-making. B) It represents a minor factor in decision-making integrated...

Strategy evaluation is necessary because

Strategy evaluation is necessary because A) internal and external factors are constantly changing. B) the SEC requires strategy evaluation. C) success...

______ is NOT a strategy-implementation activity.

______ is NOT a strategy-implementation activity. A) Taking corrective actions B) Establishing annual objectives C) Devising policies D) Allocating...

Which phase of strategic management is called the action phase?

Which phase of strategic management is called the action phase? A) Strategy formulation B) Strategy implementation C) Strategy evaluation D) Competing...

What types of skills are especially critical for successful strategy implementation?

What types of skills are especially critical for successful strategy implementation? A) Interpersonal B) Marketing C) Technical D) Conceptual E) Visionary Answer: A)...

What step in the strategic development process involves mobilizing employees and managers to put strategies into action?

What step in the strategic development process involves mobilizing employees and managers to put strategies into action? A) Strategy formulation B)...

An important activity in ________ is taking corrective action.

An important activity in ________ is taking corrective action. A) strategy evaluation B) strategy implementation C) strategy formulation D) strategy...

During what stage of strategic management are a firm's specific internal strengths and weaknesses determined?

During what stage of strategic management are a firm's specific internal strengths and weaknesses determined? A) Formulation B) Implementation C)...

Sometimes ________ is used to refer to strategic formulation, implementation and evaluation, with ________ referring only to strategic formulation.

Sometimes ________ is used to refer to strategic formulation, implementation and evaluation, with ________ referring only to strategic formulation. A)...

What can be defined as the art and science of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that enable an organization to achieve its objectives?

What can be defined as the art and science of formulating, implementing and evaluating cross-functional decisions that enable an organization to achieve...

Strategic management focuses on integrating management, ________, and information systems to achieve organizational success.

Strategic management focuses on integrating management, ________, and information systems to achieve organizational success. A) marketing B) finance...

The goal of strategic management is to

The goal of strategic management is to A) achieve competitive advantage. B) maintain competitive advantage. C) achieve and maintain competitive advantage. D)...

Strategic Management Chapter 1 True and False

Strategic management focuses on integrating management, marketing, finance and accounting, production and operations, research and development, and...

Which of the following is not a practice used to create a flexible workplace?

Which of the following is not a practice used to create a flexible workplace?  A. Job sharing B. Telecommuting C. Gainsharing D. Part-time work E....

Erica teaches fourth grade at a local elementary school. She significantly increased her salary by earning a master's degree in education. This is an example of

Erica teaches fourth grade at a local elementary school. She significantly increased her salary by earning a master's degree in education. This is an...

The marketing department at State College was nearly $8,000 under budget last year due to a variety of cost-cutting measures. This year 50% of the savings were returned to the department to spend as desired, as a form of

The marketing department at State College was nearly $8,000 under budget last year due to a variety of cost-cutting measures. This year 50% of the savings...

A Scanlon plan is a type of ______ compensation plan.

A Scanlon plan is a type of ______ compensation plan.  A. pay-for-knowledge B. gainsharing C. benchmarking D. pay-for-performance E. profit-sharing Answer: B....

Mark's employer passes out checks at the end of each quarter, representing an equitable portion of 5% of the company's pretax profits for the previous period. This is known as

Mark's employer passes out checks at the end of each quarter, representing an equitable portion of 5% of the company's pretax profits for the previous...

Gabe has a summer job hand-dying shirts that will be sold on the boardwalk. He is paid $3.50 per shirt. This is an example of a ______ compensation plan.

Gabe has a summer job hand-dying shirts that will be sold on the boardwalk. He is paid $3.50 per shirt. This is an example of a ______ compensation...

A sales commission is an example of a ______ compensation plan.

A sales commission is an example of a ______ compensation plan.  A. pay-for-knowledge B. profit-sharing C. pay-for-performance D. gainsharing E....

Which of the following is not an advisable criterion for an effective incentive plan?

Which of the following is not an advisable criterion for an effective incentive plan?  A. The rewards are believable. B. The rewards are linked...

When using punishment, a manager should

When using punishment, a manager should  A. ignore undesirable behaviors. B. save reprimands until the end of the workday, or preferably before...

In using reinforcement, a manager should

In using reinforcement, a manager should  A. avoid using punishment. B. reward both desired and undesired behavior. C. give all subordinates...

Your boss requires you to give up your company car since you have missed your sales goals for three consecutive quarters. She is using

Your boss requires you to give up your company car since you have missed your sales goals for three consecutive quarters. She is using  A. positive...

It has been seven quarters since any employee has received a bonus at R & G Mills, so now the possibility of getting one does not seem to be motivating the workers any longer. In this case, management has inadvertently applied

It has been seven quarters since any employee has received a bonus at R & G Mills, so now the possibility of getting one does not seem to be motivating...

The weakening of behavior by ignoring it or making sure it is not reinforced is called

The weakening of behavior by ignoring it or making sure it is not reinforced is called  A. extinction. B. intrinsic motivation. C. punishment. D....

Estefan tells one of his staff that he is taking her off of probation since she has corrected her tardiness problem. Estefan is using

Estefan tells one of his staff that he is taking her off of probation since she has corrected her tardiness problem. Estefan is using  A. instrumentality. B....

The process of strengthening a behavior by withdrawing something negative is called

The process of strengthening a behavior by withdrawing something negative is called  A. positive reinforcement. B. negative reinforcement. C....

The use of desirable consequences to strengthen a particular behavior is called

The use of desirable consequences to strengthen a particular behavior is called  A. constructive feedback. B. extinction. C. intrinsic motivation. D....

The theory that attempts to explain behavior change by suggesting that behavior with positive consequences tends to be repeated while behavior with negative consequences tends not to be repeated, is called

The theory that attempts to explain behavior change by suggesting that behavior with positive consequences tends to be repeated while behavior with...

The motivating potential score is calculated as part of using

The motivating potential score is calculated as part of using A. reinforcement theory. B. McClelland's acquired needs theory. C. the job characteristics...

Which of the following is a contingency factor in the job characteristics model?

Which of the following is a contingency factor in the job characteristics model?  A. Autonomy B. Knowledge of actual results C. High work satisfaction D....

As a maintenance person for the Air Force, Craig services aircraft engines, which protects the lives and safety of military personnel and their ability to conduct missions. Craig's job has a high level of

As a maintenance person for the Air Force, Craig services aircraft engines, which protects the lives and safety of military personnel and their ability...

Vanessa runs a flower shop. She recently made some changes so that one employee answers phones and does paperwork, while another creates arrangements, and a third packages and delivers the arrangements. Previously, each employee was responsible for the order from the phone call through the delivery. Vanessa's job redesign has

Vanessa runs a flower shop. She recently made some changes so that one employee answers phones and does paperwork, while another creates arrangements,...

The extent to which a job allows an employee to make decisions about scheduling different tasks and deciding how to perform them is called

The extent to which a job allows an employee to make decisions about scheduling different tasks and deciding how to perform them is called  A....

According to the job characteristics model, the core job characteristics of skill variety, task identity, and task significance combine to affect

According to the job characteristics model, the core job characteristics of skill variety, task identity, and task significance combine to affect  A....

Of the following, which is a core job characteristic?

Of the following, which is a core job characteristic?  A. Meaningfulness B. Skill specificity C. Task significance D. Teamwork E. Task variety Answer: C....

Gwen's job as an accounting assistant was recently modified to include reconciling of bank accounts and delivering checks to the bank, two tasks previously done by the accounting manager. This increase in responsibility would best be described as

Gwen's job as an accounting assistant was recently modified to include reconciling of bank accounts and delivering checks to the bank, two tasks previously...

The process of building into a job such motivating factors as recognition and achievement is called

The process of building into a job such motivating factors as recognition and achievement is called  A. MBO. B. job design. C. job enrichment. D....

Job ______ is the opposite of job.

Job ______ is the opposite of job. A. rotation; enrichment. B. rotation; enlargement. C. loading; enrichment. D. simplification; enrichment. E. simplification;...

Research shows that simplified jobs lead to

Research shows that simplified jobs lead to  A. job satisfaction. B. poor mental health. C. a sense of accomplishment. D. a sense of personal...

The process of increasing the number of tasks in a job to increase variety and motivation is called

The process of increasing the number of tasks in a job to increase variety and motivation is called  A. job enlargement. B. job design. C. job...

______ involves division of an organization's work and applies motivational theories to jobs to increase satisfaction and performance.

______ involves division of an organization's work and applies motivational theories to jobs to increase satisfaction and performance.  A. Job...

Which of the following is the best statement of a goal?

Which of the following is the best statement of a goal?  A. Give your very best effort. B. Get through most of those reports by 9/1. C. Reduce...

According to goal-setting theory, which of the following is necessary for goals to create high motivation and performance?

According to goal-setting theory, which of the following is necessary for goals to create high motivation and performance?  A. Setting general...

A goal that states "Attend work at least 80% of the time this quarter" has which of the following problems?

A goal that states "Attend work at least 80% of the time this quarter" has which of the following problems?  A. It is not specific enough. B....

When using goal-setting theory to motivate employees, managers should

When using goal-setting theory to motivate employees, managers should  A. set targets that are just out of employees' reach. B. help workers...

Chad was interviewing for jobs, and the HR manager at one firm told him that the company pays the total health insurance costs for a family of four. As a single man, this benefit did not seem especially important to him right now. Here, Chad is low on the ______ element of the expectancy theory.

Chad was interviewing for jobs, and the HR manager at one firm told him that the company pays the total health insurance costs for a family of four....

At his review last year, Ryan was promised a big raise if he met his production goals. Raises were included in today's paychecks, and despite that Ryan has met all of his goals, he only received a cost- of-living raise. In the future, Ryan's ______ will probably be.

At his review last year, Ryan was promised a big raise if he met his production goals. Raises were included in today's paychecks, and despite that Ryan...

_____ is the expectation that successful performance of the task will lead to the desired outcome.

_____ is the expectation that successful performance of the task will lead to the desired outcome.  A. Expectancy B. Reinforcement C. Valence D....

After struggling with the training, Sachin is unsure whether he can complete the end-of-year financial reporting with minimal errors in the time allotted at his new job. In this case, Sachin is low on the ______ element of expectancy theory.

After struggling with the training, Sachin is unsure whether he can complete the end-of-year financial reporting with minimal errors in the time allotted...

The theory under which people make the choice that promises them the greatest reward if they think they can petitis

The theory under which people make the choice that promises them the greatest reward if they think they can petitis  A. goal-setting theory. B....

Brady went to his boss Lynn to complain that he got the same bonus this quarter as everyone else, despite the longer hours he's been putting in and his higher level of experience and efficiency. If Lynn can't change the bonuses, she should

Brady went to his boss Lynn to complain that he got the same bonus this quarter as everyone else, despite the longer hours he's been putting in and...

When workers perceive they are being treated fairly on the job, they are most likely to

When workers perceive they are being treated fairly on the job, they are most likely to  A. pass up promotional opportunities. B. show improved...

In equity theory, employees are motivated to

In equity theory, employees are motivated to  A. work harder when they have more freedom. B. resolve feelings of injustice. C. correct themselves...

Which of the following is a process perspective on motivation?

Which of the following is a process perspective on motivation?  A. Goal-setting theory B. Job characteristics model C. Two-factor theory D. ERG...

Theories that try to understand the thought processes by which people decide how to act are called

Theories that try to understand the thought processes by which people decide how to act are called  A. needs-based perspectives. B. reinforcement...

According to Herzberg's theory, the first thing managers of employees who dislike their jobs should dosto

According to Herzberg's theory, the first thing managers of employees who dislike their jobs should dosto  A. provide opportunities for achievement. B....

Anders is manager for a large freight company. He has noticed low morale lately, perhaps because of the cramped quarters and lack of raises this year among workers on his shift. According to Herzberg, Anders should first concentrate on

Anders is manager for a large freight company. He has noticed low morale lately, perhaps because of the cramped quarters and lack of raises this year...

Which of the following is a higher-level need based on the four content theory perspectives?

Which of the following is a higher-level need based on the four content theory perspectives?  A. Esteem B. Existence C. Hygiene D. Physiological E....

According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, only ______ factors can make employees satisfied with their jobs.

According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, only ______ factors can make employees satisfied with their jobs.  A. motivating B. self-actualization C....

According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, in the zone between the motivating factors and the hygiene factors, employees are

According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, in the zone between the motivating factors and the hygiene factors, employees are  A. dissatisfied. B....

According to Herzberg, which of the following is an example of a hygiene factor?

According to Herzberg, which of the following is an example of a hygiene factor?  A. Responsibility B. Advancement C. The work itself D. Relationships E....

According to Herzberg, which of the following is an example of a motivating factor?

According to Herzberg, which of the following is an example of a motivating factor?  A. Pay B. The work itself C. Working conditions D. Company...

McClelland's need for achievement corresponds most closely to

McClelland's need for achievement corresponds most closely to  A. Herzberg's hygiene factors. B. Maslow's esteem needs. C. extrinsic rewards. D....

Janet is very aggressive at her job, and her coworkers complain that she often manipulates them and her boss in order to get ahead. She attempts to direct everything and everyone, regardless of the consequences to others or even the organization itself. Janet is expressing what type of need for power?

Janet is very aggressive at her job, and her coworkers complain that she often manipulates them and her boss in order to get ahead. She attempts to...

Even when he started his first job, Galen was not content to be just one of the employees. His boss noticed that he often coached his coworkers about ways to improve their work, even when it wasn't his job. Galen probably has a

Even when he started his first job, Galen was not content to be just one of the employees. His boss noticed that he often coached his coworkers about...

Anne has excelled as a consultant for a large financial institution. She loves building mutually beneficial relationships and is extremely well liked by her clients. Anne likely has a

Anne has excelled as a consultant for a large financial institution. She loves building mutually beneficial relationships and is extremely well liked...

According to the acquired needs theory, the desire to influence others is part of the need for

According to the acquired needs theory, the desire to influence others is part of the need for  A. affiliation. B. power. C. self-actualization. D....

_____ assumes that three basic needs influence behavior and that they may be activated concurrently.

_____ assumes that three basic needs influence behavior and that they may be activated concurrently. A. Maslow's theory B. Expectancy theory C. Alderfer's...

Which of the following is a need in Alderfer's ERG theory?

Which of the following is a need in Alderfer's ERG theory?  A. Esteem B. Existence C. Realization D. Rating E. Generalization Answer: B....

For managers, the importance of Maslow's contribution is that he showed that workers

For managers, the importance of Maslow's contribution is that he showed that workers  A. are only interested in compensation that helps them...

An accounting firm provides employees with educational reimbursements if they complete job-related coursework with a B or better, which helps them meet which of Maslow's levels of needs?

An accounting firm provides employees with educational reimbursements if they complete job-related coursework with a B or better, which helps them meet...

After a series of bus accidents, one of which resulted in a critical injury to a driver, Inland Shuttle drivers received additional training and buses were retrofitted with new braking systems. This helps to satisfy which of Maslow's needs?

After a series of bus accidents, one of which resulted in a critical injury to a driver, Inland Shuttle drivers received additional training and buses...

The need for status, reputation, and recognition are part of

The need for status, reputation, and recognition are part of  A. self-actualization. B. esteem. C. love. D. safety. E. physiological. Answer: B....

Maslow's levels of needs, in order from lowest (most basic) to highest level, are

Maslow's levels of needs, in order from lowest (most basic) to highest level, are  A. self-actualization, esteem, love, safety, and physiological. B....

Which of the following is a need-based perspective on motivation?

Which of the following is a need-based perspective on motivation?  A. Expectancy theory B. Herzberg's two-factor theory C. Job characteristics...

Arianna's management professor just told her class that the final exam is optional for students like her who currently have an A. She decides to take the exam anyway, since she likes the subject and wants to master the material. Here, Arianna is motivated to take the exam by a(n)

Arianna's management professor just told her class that the final exam is optional for students like her who currently have an A. She decides to take...

Craig's sales manager has just told the group that all sales in the month of September will earn an extra 5% commission. The team gets right to work, being motivated by a(n)

Craig's sales manager has just told the group that all sales in the month of September will earn an extra 5% commission. The team gets right to work,...

A simple model of motivation does not include which of the following?

A simple model of motivation does not include which of the following?  A. Unfulfilled need B. Behaviors C. Reactions D. Motivation E. Rewards Answer: C....

______ is defined as the psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed behavior.

______ is defined as the psychological processes that arouse and direct goal-directed behavior.  A. Stimulus B. Productivity C. Enticement D....